We hope you enjoy this fascinating article below from Ghaz in Kuala Lumpur where he discusses the phenomenon of "Malay cover versions".
THE MALAY COVER VERSION OF
INTERNATIONAL SONGS
IN THE 1960s AND 1970s
In the mid-1990s when I was still a student of an international
university in my country, I used to listen songs by the late Ismail Haron (1946
- 2012) a.k.a. Singapore’s Tom Jones at my campus dormitory. Well, in actual
fact, I was introduced to Ismail’s songs for the first time after browsing
through a collection of records owned by my classmate’s father during my visit
to his house in 1987. I was only 13 years old then when we got to know each
other, by attending the same boarding school. It took me about 10 years until I
eventually decided to get a copy of Ismail’s compilation album out of
curiosity, just to learn how his voice sounds like!
One of the unique features of his songs is that many of them are
adapted from current English songs of the 1960s originally recorded by Tom
Jones himself and Engelbert Humperdinck, or any other singers whose voices are
in resemblance to both. Nevertheless, Ismail manages to inject his own style of
singing until one hardly realizes that his songs are actually cover versions.
Ismail Haron & The Vigilantes
– Senyuman Terakhir (The Last Smile)
[1967]
Original song: Green Green Grass Of Home byTom Jones
Ismail Haron & The Guys – Delailah [1968]
Original
song: Delilah by Tom Jones
Ismail Haron &The Guys – Ribin Biru (Blue Ribbon) [1968]
Original
song: Pretty Ribbon by Engelbert Humperdinck
DJ Carlito adds this bonus clip just for fun: Englebert, Tom, and Billy Preston
https://youtu.be/0qaVW2SLGfg
DJ Carlito adds this bonus clip just for fun: Englebert, Tom, and Billy Preston
https://youtu.be/0qaVW2SLGfg
After conducting some research of my own, it was found that there used to
be a trend whereby many of the Malay artists tend to record many of English,
Hindi or Japanese songs with Malay lyrics. Although the practice has been in
existence since 1950s, it grew rapidly beginning the late 1960s, particularly
after the May 13 racial riot, and lasted until the late 1970s.
I can still remember one of the songs by the late R. Azmi (1923 –
1974) which resembles that of a Spanish tango. The title of the song is Memikat Hati (Capturing My Heart),
recorded somewhere in the early 1950s. It was a big hit in Malay-speaking
territories and Indonesia. However, Azmi preferred to sing Hindi songs in Malay
instead of those originally in English, perhaps due to its suitability to his
mood and temperament. Other singers from the said decade who share the same
approach as Azmi include sibling duo Razak & Zainab Majid.
R. Azmi – Memikat Hati (Capturing My Heart) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SbiztzVCTys
R. Azmi – Hitam Manis (Tan But Sweet) [1954] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5eykBIOcCE4
Original song (both of the songs above, i think - is that right Ghaz? - Carl ) : Isle of Capri
Original song (both of the songs above, i think - is that right Ghaz? - Carl ) : Isle of Capri
Razak & Zainab Majid - Harapan Hatiku (My Heart’s Hope)
Original song: Piya Piya Piya Mora Jiya fromthe film Baap Re Baap
Razak & Zainab Majid – Marilah (Come Here, My Dear)
Original
song: Ajaree Ab Mera Dil Pukara from the film Aah
The 1970s saw more Malay cover versions being recorded. Singers like
Sharifah Noor (a.k.a. Singapore’s Lata Mangeshkar), Hussain Marican, A. Ramlie
and M. Shariff recorded Hindi songs in Malay .
Sharifah Noor & Orkes Zindegi
– Tak Mungkin Ku Lupa (It’s
Impossible For Me To Forget)
Hussain Marican & The Sangam
Boys – Adekku Halizah (My Baby,
Halizah) [Early 1970s]
Original song: Chale Ja Chale Ja from the film Jahaan Pyar Mile)
A.Ramlie – Intanku Liana (My Gem Liana) [1975]
Original song: Hai Mere Bete from the film Aa Gale Lag Jaa)
M. Shariff & The Zurah – Pujaan Hati (My Heartthrob) [1970]
(Original song: Deewane Ka Naam To Puchcho from the film An Evening In Paris)
… while their peers such as Eddie
Ahmad, his sister Hamidah, Rahimah Rahim and others recorded mostly English
songs in Malay.
Eddie Ahmad – Madah Perpisahan (The Parting Words) [1971]
Original song: Don’t Play That Song For Me by Ben E.King)
Hamidah – Sudahlah Tiada Lagi (It’s No More) [1974]
Rahimah Rahim featuring Ahmad Daud
– Pakcikku Bergaya (My Stylish Uncle)
[1972]
Original song: Summer Wine by Nancy Sinatra & Lee Hazelwood
There are a few of them who
recorded Japanese, Mandarin and other East Asian-language songs in Malay, too
like Rafeah Buang, J. Mizan and the late Rahman Kadir.
Rafeah Buang – Ku Kekosongan (I’m in Emptiness) [1972]
(Original song: Anata by Teresa Teng in Mandarin, Khuong by Elvis Phuong in Vietnamese)
J. Mizan – Hari ini Dan Semalam (Today and Yesterday) [1974]
(Originally a Japanese song)
Rahman Kadir – Hari Ini Tak Seindah Semalam (Today Is
Not As Beautiful As Yesterday) [1978]
(Original song: Airport in Japanese)
There is no exact theory on why
cover versions were made available those days. One could be that these songs
were recorded following a growing demand from listeners who had always wanted
Malay songs be further transformed by imitating the originals from both east
and west. Some of the cover versions did have been well-positioned in the
Malaysian hit charts, such as Ismail Haron’s Enam Belas Lilin (his Malay version Sixteen Candles) which remained in the charts for 15 consecutive
weeks in 1968.
Another theory could be that cover
versions were done as a medium to unite the people of Malaysia and Singapore
from different ethnicity through music, which has always been regarded as a
universal language. In the 1960s, people from both sides of the Causeway had
experienced the aftermath of racial riots (July and September 1964 in
Singapore; May 1969 in Kuala Lumpur). As such, efforts had been put up by
various quarters to cool them down by promoting racial harmony, learning and
accepting each other despite many differences, by which music was found to be
an effective tool for such purpose. When songs from different languages were
re-recorded into another group of different languages and then became top hits
on the charts, this was indeed a good sign where listeners from different
ethnic and cultural background began to appreciate the work of art of the
others and enjoyed them together with their peers.
However, such development in the
entertainment industry remained to be closely monitored by the Malaysian
Government. In 1969, the Copyright Act was made into force, with the objective
of curbing record and film piracy, besides ensuring that all copyrights are
properly reserved. Meanwhile, there had been growing concerns among the
entertainment industry players on the lack of creativity of local composers and
songwriters resulting from too many cover versions flooding into the music
market. To make things worse, issuing and circulating cover versions had been
highlighted by certain quarters as an infringement of copyrights, hence leading
to the possibility of legal suits by the owners of the creative arts from their
countries of origin. Eventually, after careful consideration on various opinions
over this issue, cover versions were banned from being aired on Malaysian radio
and TV shows in 1979.
In spite of tight control, cover
versions still continued to be published years after. I wonder why. During my
childhood days in the mid-1980s, I could still recall how Michael Jackson’s Beat It being re-recorded in Malay by a
Malaysian comedian as Bidin, Kenny
Login’s Footloose became Fulus (Money in Arabic, which is also
uttered in colloquial Malay), Inner Circle’s Sweat (A La La La La Long) became Saman (A La La La La Tok) [Saman
= Summons] and others of similar nature. I believe that songwriters and
performers were trying to include some elements of humour, which deviates from
their previous songs which usually bore serious love theme.
Poe – Saman (A La La La La Tok) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HbrTXMF0FZ8
Linda – Bidin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqD62z37wsk
Anuar – Fulus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=elp5Hn9LPEY
I think the relevant authorities
had become a little bit lenient when they allowed Lobo to re-record P. Ramlee’s
Getaran Jiwa into English as Whispers In The Wind back in 1993.
Otherwise, his rendition would have been banned too.
Lobo – Whispers In The Wind https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YGIy8pSZw00
As midnight is approaching, that’s
all for now, folks. Before I go to bed, I leave you with the Malay version of
Steam’s Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye.
Till then, have a nice day ahead. Bye!
The Rezas – Na Na Na Hey Hey Tinggallah (1972) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJeFcjO_Pvs
Warmest regards,
Ghaz
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
(NB: This article is dedicated to my 1987-batch classmate Wan
Mohamad Nadzri, ex-student of Class One Red, Federal Religious-Type Secondary
School in Labu, Negri Sembilan, Malaysia. We had lost contact after he
transferred into MARA Junior Science College at Jelebu in the same province. I hope
that we could keep in touch after he read this article.)
from Carl (Dj Carlito) in the US:
This blog and research project would not have existed without people like Ghaz who are willing to share the knowledge about this incredible cultural heritage - Malay culture! Terima kasih, Ghaz. I really enjoyed reading this article and I know everyone else who reads this blog will too.
